On November 14, 2024, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) published a report titled 'Assessing Potential Future Artificial Intelligence Risks, Benefits and Policy Imperatives.'

The OECD highlighted benefits from artificial intelligence (AI) that warrant policy focus including improved information production and distribution, improved institutional transparency and governance, and better healthcare and education services.

However, the OECD identified risks to future AI use cases, namely:

• facilitation of malicious cyber activity;
• manipulation, disinformation, and fraud;
• development and deployment of AI systems with insufficient consideration of AI safety and trustworthiness;
• unexpected harms from misalignment of AI with human stakeholders' preferences;
• minor and serious AI incidents in critical systems;
• invasive surveillance and privacy infringement;
• inadequate governance mechanisms and institutions; and
• insufficient explainability and interpretability of AI systems.

Accordingly, the OECD outlined 66 potential policy approaches for such benefits and to mitigate risks, including:

• establishing clear rules on liability and AI harms;
• consider approaches to restrict or prevent certain 'red line' AI systems;
• requiring or promoting the disclosure of key information about AI systems;
• ensuring risk management procedures are followed throughout the AI lifecycle; and
• investing in research on AI safety and trustworthiness approaches, such as AI alignment, capability, evaluations, interpretability, explainability, and transparency.

You can read the press release here and the report here.